rand.random_states

Generates random quantum states using Qiskit.

Functions

random_states(n, d[, seed])

Generate a list of random quantum states.

Module Contents

rand.random_states.random_states(n, d, seed=None)

Generate a list of random quantum states.

This function generates a list of quantum states, each of a specified dimension. The states are valid quantum states distributed according to the Haar measure.

Examples

Generating three quantum states each of dimension 4.

>>> from toqito.rand import random_states
>>> states = random_states(3, 4)
>>> len(states)
3
>>> states[0].shape
(4, 1)
>>> states  
[array([[-0.2150583 +3.12920500e-01j],
       [-0.45427289-2.42799455e-01j],
       [ 0.34457387-3.20987030e-05j],
       [ 0.47739088-4.93844159e-01j]]), array([[ 0.05596192-0.40459234j],
       [-0.8497132 +0.06357884j],
       [-0.22808131-0.16261183j],
       [-0.16047978+0.05386145j]]), array([[ 0.12592373+0.00508266j],
       [-0.71527467+0.41425908j],
       [-0.27852449+0.39980357j],
       [ 0.17033502+0.18562365j]])]

It is also possible to pass a seed to this function for reproducibility.

>>> from toqito.rand import random_states
>>> states = random_states(3, 4, seed=42)
>>> states
[array([[ 0.13830446+0.0299699j ],
       [-0.47202619+0.51163029j],
       [ 0.34061349+0.21219233j],
       [ 0.42690188-0.39001418j]]), array([[-0.71489214+0.1351165j ],
       [-0.47714049-0.35135073j],
       [ 0.04684288+0.32187898j],
       [-0.11587661-0.01829369j]]), array([[-0.00827473-0.0910465j ],
       [-0.42013238-0.33536439j],
       [ 0.43311201+0.60211343j],
       [ 0.38307005-0.07610726j]])]
Parameters:

  • n (int) – int The number of random states to generate.

  • d (int) – int The dimension of each quantum state.

  • seed (int | None) – int | None A seed used to instantiate numpy’s random number generator.

Returns:

list[numpy.ndarray] A list of n numpy arrays, each representing a d-dimensional quantum state as a column vector.

Return type:

list[numpy.ndarray]